ABSTRACT
1. SB-73, a magnesium ammonium phospholinoleate anhydride aggregate, exhibited antiviral action in vitro in the concentration range of 50 to 100 µg/ml against herpes simplex type 1, stomatitis vesicular virus, adenovirus type 5, and in vivo in the dose range of 0.7 to 1.3 mg/Kg against canine parvovirus distemper virus. 2. The lethal dose (LD50) was 2.71 ñ 1.55 g/Kg body weight in mice inoculated intraperitoneally. Oral ingestion of the aggregate up to 30 g/Kg body weight by mice had no lethal effects during the 14 days of observation. 3. In in vitro cytotoxicity experiments with fibroblasts (V-79 Chinese hamster cell line), no toxic effects were observed with SB-73 concentrations (120 µg/ml) having antiviral activity. 4. In a cellular proliferation experimental using hamster V-79 cells, we observed 72% proliferation after treatment of the cells with a high concentration (500 µg/ml) of SB-73. 5. Compound SB-73 showed no genotoxicity for human lymphocytes at concentrations of 100 µg/ml. 6. When the cytoxicity and genotoxicity of SB-73 wee compared with those of acyclovir, idoxuridine and AZT at 500µg/ml concentration the compound was found to have effects similar to those of acyclovir
Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Humans , Male , Female , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Magnesium/pharmacology , Phosphates/pharmacology , Viruses/drug effects , Acyclovir/chemistry , Acyclovir/pharmacology , Antiviral Agents/toxicity , Chromosome Aberrations , Idoxuridine/chemistry , Idoxuridine/pharmacology , Lethal Dose 50 , Magnesium/toxicity , Mitotic Index , Phosphates/toxicity , Zidovudine/chemistry , Zidovudine/pharmacologyABSTRACT
1. Chromobacterium violaceum (strain BB-78 isolated in Brazil) produces violacein, a substance potentially useful in phototherapy and with antibiotic and trypanocide activity. Culture conditions were optimized for the production of violacein and change in nutrients, temperature and pØ were correlated to cellular growth. 2. Methionine was the only absolute requirement for growth. alanine, arginine, tryptophan and vitamin B12 and its metabolites were important as a carbon source for violacein production and bacterial growth. 3. The highest yields of violacein were obtained by incubation in liquid medium and in the obsence of light at pH 7.0 and 28-C for 24 h